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A sexual problem, or sexual dysfunction, refers to a problem during any
phase of the sexual response cycle that prevents the individual or couple from
experiencing erectile dysfunction medication
from the sexual activity. The sexual response cycle
has four phases: excitement, plateau, orgasm and resolution.
While research suggests that sexual dysfunction is common (43% of women and
31% of men report some degree of difficulty), it is a topic that many people
are hesitant to discuss. Fortunately, most cases of sexual dysfunction are
treatable, so it is important to share your concerns with your partner and
doctor.
What Causes Sexual Problems?
Sexual dysfunction can be a result of a physical or psychological
problem.
- Physical causes: Many physical and/or medical conditions can cause problems
with sexual function. These conditions include diabetes, heart and vascular
(blood vessel) disease, neurological disorders, hormonal imbalances, chronic
diseases such as kidney or liver failure, and alcoholism and drug abuse. In
addition, the side effects of certain medications, including some
antidepressant drugs, can affect sexual desire and function.
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causes: These include work-related stress and anxiety,
concern about sexual performance, marital or relationship problems, depression,
feelings of guilt and the effects of a past sexual trauma.
Who Is Affected by Sexual Problems?
Both men and women are affected by sexual problems. Sexual problems occur in
adults of all ages. Among those commonly affected are those in the geriatric
population, which may be related to a decline in health associated with
aging.
How Do Sexual Problems Affect Men?
The most common sexual problems in men are ejaculation disorders, erectile
dysfunction and inhibited sexual desire.
What Are Ejaculation Disorders?
There are different types of ejaculation disorders, including:
- Premature ejaculation: This refers to ejaculation that occurs before or
soon after penetration.
- Inhibited or retarded ejaculation: This is when ejaculation is slow to
occur.
- Retrograde ejaculation: This occurs when, at orgasm, the ejaculate is
forced back into the bladder rather than through the urethra and out the end of
the penis.
In some cases, premature and inhibited ejaculation are caused by
psychological factors, including a strict religious background that causes the
person to view sex as sinful, a lack of attraction for a partner and past
traumatic events. Premature ejaculation, the most common form of sexual
dysfunction in men, often is due to nervousness over how well he will perform
during sex. Certain drugs, including some anti-depressants, may affect
ejaculation, as can nerve damage to the spinal cord or back.
Retrograde ejaculation is common in males with diabetes who suffer from
diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage). This is due to problems with the nerves in
the bladder and the bladder neck that allow the ejaculate to flow backward. In
other men, retrograde ejaculation occurs after operations on the bladder neck
or prostate, or after certain abdominal operations. In addition, certain
medications, particularly those used to treat mood disorders, may cause
problems with ejaculation.
What Is Erectile Dysfunction?
Also known as impotence, erectile dysfunction is defined as the inability to
attain and/or maintain an erection suitable for intercourse. Causes of erectile
dysfunction include diseases affecting blood flow, such as sildenafil citrate viagra
(hardening of the arteries); nerve disorders; psychological factors, such as
stress, depression, and performance anxiety (nervousness over his ability to
sexually perform); and injury to the penis. Chronic illness, certain
medications, and a condition called Peyronie’s disease (scar tissue in the
penis) also can cause erectile dysfunction.
What Is Inhibited Sexual Desire?
Inhibited desire, or loss of libido, refers to a decrease in desire for, or
interest in sexual activity. Reduced libido can result from physical or
psychological factors. It has been associated with low levels of the hormone
testosterone. It also may be caused by psychological problems, such as anxiety
and depression; medical illnesses, such as diabetes and high blood pressure;
certain medications, including some anti-depressants; and relationship
difficulties.
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